Arch construction for boilers.



J. WARNER.

ARCH CONSTRUCTION FOR BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 19.!9l6. LQ3L224u Patented June 26, 1917.

2 SHEEN-SHEET I.

J. WARNER.

ARCH CONSTRUCTION FOR BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 19,19l6. 1L,Q81,2%., Patented June 26, 191?,

2 SHEETSSHEET 2 Mm E TTORNEYS\ JAMES'WARNER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ARCH CONSTRUCTION FOR BOILERS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 2&191W.

Application filed July 19, 1916. Serial No. 110,171.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMEs WARNER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Arch Construction for Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates particularly to the types of marine boilers which are known as Scotch boilers, but it is applicable to boilers of other constructions.

Considering the invention with reference to marine boilers as a'class in which brick or tile arches are embodied, it is a fact that in seaways and where the ship is under strain the tendency of the arches has been to give and break, so that, although perfect when originally set, they have not been durable.

The object of my invention, generally expressed, is to overcome the tendency of boiler arches to weaken and break down, and with that object in view I have devised a construction of arch applicablemore particularly to marine boilers and furnaces, but applicable also to other constructions of such devices, in and by which I am enabled to lessen the number of bricks or tiles heretofore necessary in the make-up of an arch, and to so form and assemble them relatively to each other and to the boiler or furnace shell, as to cause the structure as an entirety to be both simple and coherent.

Although in the accompanying drawing and in this specification I have illustrated and described a typical embodiment of my invention, 1 do not desire to limit myself to that embodiment, as various changes particularly in dimensions of the component elements can be made Without departing from the invention broadly as such.

In the accompanying drawing, I have represented a preferred embodiment of my in vention as applied to a Scotch marine boiler of the ordinary type, and in the drawm gu e 1 p e ts a centr l, r c l,

longitudinal, side, sectional elevation, which illustrates the front or outcrarch of-the furnace and a combustion throat arch,the furnace being typified as an oil-burning furnace and its shell as a convoluted or corrugated structure of a well known type.

Fig. 2 represents a transverse sectional elevation on the line 2-2 Fig. 1, sight being taken in the direction of the arrows upon said line.

Fig. 3 is a section of a modified form, hereinafter specifically referred to, taken on a line corresponding to the line 33 of Fig. 1. Y r

Fig. & represents in perspective one of the tiles of the outer wall of the front arch, removed from its setting.

Fig. 5 represents in perspective one of the tiles of the inner throat ring of the front arch, also removed from its setting.

Fig. 6 represents, in perspective one of the tiles of the inner wall of the front arch also removed from its setting.

Fig. 7 represents in perspective, typically and in somewhat reduced radial depth, a key tile which looks in place the tiles composing the outer wall of the front arch, also removed from its setting. 1

Fig. 8 represents in perspective one of the tiles of the group which form the combustion throat arch, likewise removed from its setting.

Fig. 9 represents in central, vertical, longitudinal, side, sectional elevation,-a modified construction of my invention.

Fig. 10 is a crosssection taken in the plane indicated by the line 10-10 of Fig.

9, looking in the direction indicated by ar-' rows.

Fig. 11 represents in perspective a key tile which in this construction I employ, removed from its setting.

Fig. 12 represents in perspective one of the tiles of the front arch employed in this construction, removed from its setting.

Similar numerals of reference indlcate corresponding parts.

Referring to the first eight figures of the drawings 1 designates the combustion chamber, the shell 2 of which is circumferentially convoluted to form external Circumferential crests 3 and internal circumferential hollows t.

These crests and hollows are preferably relatively equidistant and parallel so that the shell as a whole possesses the appearance of a, hollow uniformly fluted cylinder.

5 is the front supporting framework of the shell, of any desired and usual construc-.

tion. 6 is the rear shell-framework shown as partly encompassing a throat arch.

7 are paving bricks of the character usual upon the floors of combustion chambers.

8 is an oil burner of any preferred character and adapted for application and use in the usual way.

The front arch of the boiler in the construction shown is a composite triple arch, that is to say, composed of :an outer arch made up of a plurality of segmental tiles 99;-an inner throat ring made up of segmental. tiles 1010,and an internal inner arch made up of segmental tiles 11-11.

The tiles 10 of the inner throat ring, of which six are shown, together form simply a lining for the tiles 9 of the outer arch, of which there are nine and a key tile 13, making ten in all,-while the inner arch is simply an extension of the outer arch and composed of tiles designated 11, of which in the construction shown there are eleven, the lower ones being preferably longer than the others, as shown in Fig. 1. The numbers of these several groups of tiles are simply convenient and not restrictive. Such of the hollows 4: as encompass the tiles 11 of the inner arch, are filled in with cement, or

other preferred material, 12.

In the setting-up of the front arch as an entirety, the tiles 9 which compose its outer arch are first inserted and cemented in place within the shell, then the tiles 10 which compose the inner throat ring are set in place as hereinafter referred to, and afterward the tiles 11 of the inner arch are set in place within the boiler shell.

It is to be understood that the most important features of my invention reside in the outer arch or ring 9-9 and 13, and the throat arch or ring 10-10, and that the inner arch or ring 1111, although useful and desirable, maybe dispensed with.

The construction and setting-up of the outer arch 9-9 is the following Of the ten tiles which in the construction shown compose it, nine of them are preferably precise counterparts,each be ing a segmental block of theform repre sented in Fig. 4, while the tenth, although also segmental is simply a keystone or key tile 13, shown removed in Fig. 7 ,diifering from the other nine of the group in that it is not grooved. The other nine are formed each with an external peripherally-extend ing groove 14; which is adapted in the setting of the tiles in'place' to fit upon one of the internally extending crests 15 of the shell, which in the construction shown is the outermost of the entire succession of crestsof the shell. This crest is in efiect a rib or head, and, if desired, may not be integral with the shell but riveted to, welded upon, or otherwise applied to it.

When the group of these tiles 9, beginning, as is the practice, from the bottom of the arch and extending upwardly to'the top, has been laid, it will be understood that every one of them, by the fitting or regdesired, may be circumferentially flattened to an extent equaling the width of key tile.

Fig. 1 gives the best idea of the outer arch when set up with its key tile in place, and thefigure also shows the sealing by cement 16 of the tiles 99 and 13 against the shell.

The construction of the throat arch 17 to the right of Fig. 1, is the same as that of the outer arch 9913 just described the throat arch being merely a typical arch, happening in the construction shown to be applied to the inner end of the shell inclosing the combustion chamber,and being composed of a group of nine tiles 17, all of which are generally similar and all externally peripherally grooved as at 18, Fig. 8,- and also of a tenth, or key-tile, 19, which is preferably not externally grooved but radially less deep than the grooved tiles 17.

The grooves 18 of the group of tiles 17 in the mounting of the throat arch, are all formed to register with an internally and deeply extending crest 20 of the boiler shell which terminates at opposite sides of the uppermost portion of the shell.

In the construction represented, I have formed the throat-arch oval in section as shown in Fig. 3, simply to illustrate the possibility of an arch applied to a boiler I tion, not being made circular as in the case of the front arch described.

I have also shown the oval form of the throat arch as having its longer diameter vertical and its transverse diameter less in length than its vertical diameter and approximating in position the geometric cen ter of the oval.

Of course, if desired, the oval may be inverted, and, if desired, a form neither circular nor oval be given to my arch, because the essence of the invention resides in an arch per 86 composed of a group of tiles a desired number of which are externally grooved to meet, match or register with a corresponding crest or internally-extending grooved form, rib, or bead. upon the boiler, and of a key tile adapted to complete and close the arch as an entirety, which is not externally grooved but adapted to be driven home with regard to the group of grooved tiles and the boiler shell from the outside inward of the grooved group and the shell.

Referring now to Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12, which represent modified. constructions of my arch, the difference between'these and the constructions represented in the first eight figures of the drawings, is essentially that I reverse the location of the key tile 21 and assemble it in connection with both the segmental tiles 22 which are externally grooved at 23 and shaped with a shoulder 24 to fit them to rest upon a shelf 25 which is carried transversely across the lower outer arch formed both of the segmental tiles 22 and the inner throat tiles 26,and also in connection with said inner tiles 26.

Thus it will be understood that this key tile 21 eifects the keying of both groups, that is of the outer group 22-22 and the inner group 2626.

The provision of the transverse shelf 25 also makes it possible for the workman to enter within the combustion chamber for the purpose of cleaning it, and, of course, in actual construction, I use a door 27 to close the front opening into the combustion chamber.

In this construction, I also prefer to make use of an inner arch composed of the segmental tiles 28, although as in the case of the construction of the first eight figures, I do not confine myself to the use of them.

In the numbering of the parts of this modified construction, I have so far as applicable used the same numbers as in the case of the first construction.

Although I prefer and have represented a convoluted metal shell, it is, of course, to be understood that the shell which constitutes either the wall of a combustion chamber or of a boiler, may be purely cylindrical or slightly conical, and externally smooth, with the exception, of course, that in order to make my invention practical, a smooth shell would have to be provided with either an internal bead or circumferential member, such as that shown at 15 and at 20, or else, as explained, he provided with an equivalent bead or rib not integral with the shell itself but independent of and riveted or welded or otherwise connected to it, so as to perform its function of setting within the grooves in the tiles of the outer arch and so retaining them in position.

Having now explained an embodiment of my invention which typifies the features of advantage I have in mind and have enumerated, and, notwithstanding that I have disclosed only a preferred embodiment of it, it is to be understood that I contemplate the modification of my arch structure in such parts as a constructor would naturally resort to without departing from the broad idea which underlies my invention.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An arch construction for tubular boilers, which comprisesan open-ended boiler formed with an internal crest, rib or bead near its outer open enda group of segmental tiles externally grooved to match or register with the rib or bead and fitted within the open end of the boiler,and a key tile the external face of which is not grooved and which locks said group of segmental tiles in place.

2. An arch construction for boilers, which comprisesan open-ended boiler or combustion chamber formed with an internal crest, rib or bead near its outer open end, a group of segmental tiles externally grooved to register or match with the crest, rib or bead and fitted within the open end of the boiler,-a key tile to lock said group of segmental tiles in place,-and an inner throat ring composed of segmental tiles within the group of grooved segmental tiles.

3. An arch construction for boilers, which comprisesan open-ended boiler or combustion chamber formed with an internal crest, rib or bead near its outer open end, a group of segmental tiles externally grooved to register or match with the crest, rib or bead and fitted within the open end of the boiler,a key tile to lock said group of segmental tiles in place,an inner-throat ring composed of segmental tiles within the group of grooved segmental tiles,and an inner arch of segmental tiles.

4:- In an arch construction, a tubular boiler having an internal crest, rib or bead, a group of segmental tiles externally grooved to match or register with said internal crest rib or bead and fitted in the boiler, and a keytile the external face of which is not tileinovablein the direction of the length 10 grooved, fitted in the boiler and locking said of the boiler into and out of position be- 7 group of segmental tiles in place. tween the end tiles of said group.

5. In an arch construction, a tubular In testimony whereof I have hereunto boiler, 21' group of segmental tiles disposed signed my name this 17th day of July, 1916. in the boiler, the boiler and said group of JAMES WVARNER. tiles being interlocked, whereby the tiles are In the presence ofheld by the boiler against movement in the J. BONSALL TAYLOR, direction of the length thereof, and a key JOHN A. WIEDERSHEI'M.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

' Washington, D. G. 

